Wireless signaling system.



No. 851,621. PATENTED APR. 23, 1907. .S. EISENSTEIN.

WIRELESS SIGNALING SYSTEM.

' APPLICATION FILED JULY 3, 1906.

34 A WITNESSES: mv ran ATTORNEYS.

sIMoN EISENSTEIN, or BERLIN, GERMANY.

WIRELESS SIGNALING SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 23, 1907.

Original application filed August 25, 1905, Serial No. 275,795. Divided and this application filedJuly 3, 1906. Serial No. 324,667

have invented a new and Im roved Wireless Signaling Systemto be use in Connection with a Multiphase Alternating Current, of which the followin is a specification.

My invention relates in general to sendersof wireless signaling systems, whereby a very sharp selectivity is attained and any listening with a telephone is rendered most diflicult; and in particular, my invention relates to the kind of Wireless signaling systems in which the spark gap is contained not in a sec ondarycircuit, orin secondary circuits, of the aerial conductor, but 1s contained in the aerial conductor itseli.

My invention consists in operating a wireless signaling system of this kind with, or by means of a multiphase alternating current, the aerial conductor being divided in this. case into as many branches as there are phases in the multiphase alternating current, and each of said branches containing a spark ga as more fully described hereinafter.

In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawings in which similar letters denote similar arts throughout the several views and in w ich:

Figure 1 is a diagram which will be referred to later on, Fig. 2 is another diagram which also will be referred to hereinafter, and Fig. 3 is the diagram of the sender shown as an example.

Concerning the substitution of a single phase alternating current by a,1nultiphase alternating current in general, and the advantages to be derived therefrom in'particular, I refer to my application Serial Number 275,795 filed. August 25th 1905, of which this is a divisional application and which also refers to a wireless signaling system the gist of which is just the substitution of the one kind of current by the other. But, While,in said other application the multiphase alternating current is used in connection with a sender in which secondary circuits are associated with the sending circuit, the spark ga s' being sit-' uated in said secondary circuits, now divide the aerial conductor in as many branches as there are phases in the multiphase alternatjug current, each of said branches being rorizied with a spark gap, the number of t iese gaps being thus also equal to that of the phases.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, these are exact copies of Figs. 1 and 2 of the before mentioned specification, Serial Number275,795. I have preferred to show these figures also in the present specification to do away with the necessity of studying also the other one in so far as these two figures are concerned; And from the same reason I cite here some para j graphs from the other specification, as follows:

In the hitherto known wireless signaling systems it was customary to employ a single phase alternating current for energizing the sending circuit, which is controlled by a Morse key. The single phase alternating current, however, presents the disadvantage, that it is not possible. to thereby attain so high a number of discharges as to avoid. any listening with a telephone with perfect safety. For practical reasons the current is required to have from 50 to 100 periods at the most, as otherwise the capacity would be too insignificant. Even with a single phase alternatin current with 100 periods the number of discharges is so small that it is easy to listen to the messages with a telephone, as is well known. In general the discharges take place in the proximity of the maximum of the tension of the current, which is marked by the perpendicular A in 1, where the curve of the single phase alternating current is shown. It would be useless to increase the discharge complex (indicated by the hatched surface a or a) by so adjusting the spark gap, that the discharges take place already at a lower tension, as

thereby the disadvantage mentioned above isnot avoided. For removing the said disadvantage, the single phase alternating cur rent is according to my invention replaced by a multiphase alternating current. Fig. .2

shows for example the curve of a triphase alternating current, from which it will be apparent, that it is now possible to obtain more discharge complexes than hitherto, the discharges taking place in the proximity of the perpendiculars A, B, C, A, B, C, which represent the maxima ol the tension. Evidently by the adoption of an alternating current with a high number of phases, say a six phase or a nine phase alternating (win-rent, it is possible to so increase the number of discharges as to render a listening with the telephone impossible. lln all cases the frequency can be kept within practically allowable limits, say between 56 and 100 periods. W'hcn assuming a triphase alternating current and it is desired to avoidany listening with a telephone, of course it will be necessary toso ad just the sparkgap, that the discharges take place' already at a lower tension, as is indi-- cated by the hatched surface a, b, c,-a, b, c, which represent the discharge complexes. As each complex comprises a Whole series of consecutive discharges ,of course the number of discharges is thereby increased in the desired degree.

-As to the sender itself, this may be constructed .in most various manners without departing from the spirit of the invention. In the form of construction shown as an eX- ample in Fig. 3, it is supposed that the system is to operate with, orby means of, a triphase alternating current. Therefore, the aerial conductor is divided into 3 br'anches 1, 1, 1 correspondingto the three phases of the alternating current employed. Each 0011- 1 ductor branch 1 contains a spark gap 6, while beneath the threespark gaps 6, 6, the

three branch conductors 1, 1 are connected by-their main With an earth 'plate E as usual.

, sewer rings respectively of the alternator. I

Having now describedrny invention What I desire to secure by a 'patent of the United States is:

In a Wireless signaling system, the combi-- nation with a sendingcircuit, offmeans for supplying a multiphase alternating current.

tosaid sending circuit, an aerial conductor, divided into as many branches as there are phases in the multiphase alternating current,

, and a spark gap-in each-of said branches.

lntestimony, that I claim 'theffiregoing as my invention, I have sig ned'-my'name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

y SIMON-EISENSTEIN.

V Vitnesses:

WQLDEMAR' HAUPT, HENRY'HASPER.

' on the other hand with the three collector 

